Line types: Coatings & linings data

Coatings and linings are available for homogeneous pipe only.

They are typically used with steel pipes to model the additional mass and displacement of concrete coatings, plastic linings etc. They contribute mass, weight and displacement, and modify the pipe's inner and outer diameters. However, they contribute no additional structural strength and are assumed not to be load bearing. The stress diameters used in calculating stress results are those of the underlying pipe.

Thickness and material density

The thickness is the physical dimension of the coating or lining. For a coating the outer diameter, contact diameter and drag diameters are all increased by twice the coating thickness. Similarly the pipe's inner diameter is reduced by twice the lining thickness, which has the effect of reducing the contents mass and weight.

The material density is used, together with the thickness, to calculate the additional mass and weight of the coating or lining.

Multiple layers

The data on the line type data form only allow single coating or lining layers to be specified. It is, however, also possible to apply multiple layers of coatings or linings by defining coatings or linings variable data sources, which are then referenced by the thickness data on the line type data form.

These data sources specify a list of layers defined by thickness and material density. The layers are listed in the order of application. In other words the first layer is immediately adjacent to the pipe, the second layer is next to the first layer, and so on.